\n\tArtemisia II, a fourth-century BCE queen of Caria, in present-day Turkey, holds out a goblet into which an elderly man pours ashes. Artemisia was said to have built the famed Mausoleum at Halicarnassus to commemorate her deceased husband, Mausolus. She then drank wine mixed with his ashes to become his living tomb and an exemplar of virtue. Honthorst depicted Artemisia in a luxurious silvery dress lined with pearls—a sign of her purity—as her retainers marvel at her extraordinary act of loyalty and devotion.\n
\n\n\tHonthorst likely painted this scene for Elizabeth Stuart (1596–1662), the widow of Frederick V, elector palatine of the Rhine and short-lived king of Bohemia, who spent many years in exile in the Netherlands. The painting later hung above the fireplace in the home of Amalia van Solms (1602–1675), widow of Prince Frederik Hendrik of Orange-Nassau.\n
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