{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[{"id":2036065,"period":"Late horizon"}],"creditline":"Museum purchase, Fowler McCormick, Class of 1921, Fund","caption":"Chimú - Inka, Late Horizon, 1470–1532, Central highlands, Peru, Andes, Tumi (ceremonial knife) with figural finial. Cast copper-tin alloy with malachite, spondylus, and mussel shell inlay (handle and finial); silver, with small percentage of gold (blade); 20 × 18.4 × 5.1 cm. Museum purchase, Fowler McCormick, Class of 1921, Fund (2014-47)","cultureterms":[{"id":2036058,"culture":"Inca"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2185236,"term":"finials","aatid":300002280,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2134671,"term":"festivals","aatid":300073472,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2055657,"term":"figures (representations)","aatid":300189808,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2135524,"term":"rituals (events)","aatid":300065284,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2049712,"term":"ceremonial knives","aatid":300253581,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2036058,"term":"Inca","aatid":300017326,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2036065,"term":"Late horizon","aatid":300017332,"termtype":"Period / Style"},{"id":2096051,"term":"mythology","aatid":300055985,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2162034,"term":"copper","aatid":300011020,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2162191,"term":"gold","aatid":300011021,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2162369,"term":"tin","aatid":300133748,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2151653,"term":"inlay (process)","aatid":300053850,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2162913,"term":"malachite","aatid":300011123,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2162319,"term":"silver","aatid":300011029,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2162570,"term":"alloy","aatid":300010902,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2166095,"term":"wax","aatid":300014585,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2166253,"term":"shell","aatid":300011829,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: South America, Peru, Central highlands","code":"Place made","continent":"South America","subcontinent":"Andes","country":"Peru","region":"Central highlands","state":null,"city":null,"county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/3932488/republic-of-peru.html","location":{"lat":"-10","lon":"-75.25"}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"20.00"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"18.40"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"5.10"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"2014-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[],"datecomputed":1501,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Ceremonial Objects","packages":[{"packageid":225488,"name":"Gallery_20(Pavilion5)-AAA"},{"packageid":181974,"name":"web_2020_AAA"},{"packageid":152535,"name":"web_seashells"},{"packageid":278831,"name":"10282025-DAY1-ONVIEW"},{"packageid":197269,"name":"web_highlights -revised 2021"},{"packageid":128064,"name":"web_2018_migrations_interventions"},{"packageid":207234,"name":"SAB_Gala2021"},{"packageid":279982,"name":"Line_Color_Shape"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2049712,"classification":"ceremonial knives"}],"exhibitions":[{"exhibitionid":1730,"citation":"Sun Gods and Saints: Art of Pre-Columbian and Colonial Peru (December 6-31, 1969)","isvirtual":true,"begindate":"1969-12-06","enddate":"1969-12-31","uri":"https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/art/exhibitions/1730"}],"cultures":[{"id":13513,"culture":"Chimú","alphasort":"Chimú","begindate":0,"enddate":0,"displayculture":"Chimú - Inka","displaydate":null}],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/STU00317"],"displaytitle":"Tumi (ceremonial knife) with figural finial","displayculture":"Chimú - Inka","displaymaker":null,"captionhtml":"Chimú - Inka, Late Horizon, 1470–1532, Central highlands, Peru, Andes, <i>Tumi (ceremonial knife) with figural finial</i>. Cast copper-tin alloy with malachite, spondylus, and mussel shell inlay (handle and finial); silver, with small percentage of gold (blade); 20 × 18.4 × 5.1 cm. Museum purchase, Fowler McCormick, Class of 1921, Fund (2014-47)","displaydate":"1470–1532","medium":"Cast copper-tin alloy with malachite, spondylus, and mussel shell inlay (handle and finial); silver, with small percentage of gold (blade)","media":[{"id":150766,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/STU00317","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM Photo"}],"displayperiod":"Late Horizon","extended_content":true,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"André Emmerich Gallery, <i>Sun Gods and Saints: Art of Pre-Columbian and Colonial Peru</i> (New York: Andre Emmerich, Inc., 1969).","citation":"André Emmerich Gallery, <i>Sun Gods and Saints: Art of Pre-Columbian and Colonial Peru</i> (New York: Andre Emmerich, Inc., 1969)., no. 55–56","date":1969,"id":2586,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/128130"},{"boilertext":"\"Acquisitions of the Princeton University Art Museum 2014\", <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University </em>74 (2015): p.&nbsp;55-77.","citation":"\"Acquisitions of the Princeton University Art Museum 2014\", <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University </em>74 (2015): p.&nbsp;55-77., p. 60 (color illus.)","date":2016,"id":5958,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/26388766?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[{"id":13501,"period":"Late Horizon","alphasort":"Horizon, Late","begindate":1438,"enddate":1534,"displayperiod":"Late Horizon","displaydate":null}],"department":"Art of the Ancient Americas","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199317,"term":"Art of the Ancient Americas","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1500-1600","dateend":1532,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Tumi (ceremonial knife) with figural finial","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":null,"objectnumber":"2014-47","inscribed":null,"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"<p>\n\tDecember 1969, André Emmerich Gallery, New York (SO-9666), sold to Dr. Daniel Rifkin New York [1]. March 4, 1989, Merrin Gallery, New York, sold to US private collection [2]; 2014, sold to the Princeton University Art Museum.\n</p>\n<p>\n\tNotes:\n\t<br />\n\t[1] According to the Emmerich Gallery inventory card, Sotheby’s, New York, copy held in the curatorial file and Dr. Rifkin’s ledger book.\n\t<br />\n\t[2] According to documentation from US private collection.\n\t<br />\n</p>","remarks":null},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"Among the Inka, crescent-bladed knives, known as tumis, were used to sacrifice llamas during the harvest festival celebrated in gratitude to the sun for abundant crops. This tumi’s handle and finial were cast in bronze with inlays of highly valued exotic materials, while the blade is hammered silver. The two figures at the top of the handle represent the gifting of kero cups among noblemen: Pairs of identical cups for drinking chicha corn beer were given to provincial governors and officials to cement pacts concerning land rights, trade agreements, and marriage alliances. This tumi may have been made to commemorate this ceremonial exchange of keros. This object was made by Chimú artisans working to fulfil Inka imperial demand. The addition of tin to the bronze reflects the Inka practice of moving artisans and materials around the empire to create objects and metal alloys that would be uniquely Inka, while details belied the identity of individual makers.\n","remarks":"AAA3_20-T3G-2_CLA_FA_7_17_25.pdf - Day 1 installation"}],"datebegin":1470,"sortnumber":"2014   47","published_date":"2026-02-11 14:12:15.789137","objectid":102723,"dimensions":"20 × 18.4 × 5.1 cm (7 7/8 × 7 1/4 × 2 in.)","on_view":true}