{"secondaryobjectnumber":"","periodterms":[],"creditline":"Gift of Deborah Stokes","caption":"Yorùbá artist, Ìbàdàn, Nigeria, Western Africa, Herbalist's staff (ọ̀pá Ọ̀sanyìn), 19th or 20th century. Iron; 53.3 × 25.4 cm. Gift of Deborah Stokes (2017-220)","cultureterms":[{"id":2041478,"culture":"African"},{"id":2042050,"culture":"Yoruba"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2158039,"term":"birds","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2198841,"term":"divination objects","aatid":null,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2127314,"term":"scepters","aatid":300214161,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2138817,"term":"staffs (walking sticks)","aatid":300221444,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2171854,"term":"deities","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2041478,"term":"African","aatid":300015647,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2042050,"term":"Yoruba","aatid":300016031,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2096251,"term":"iconography","aatid":300055859,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2157448,"term":"forging (metal forming)","aatid":300054033,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2161787,"term":"iron","aatid":300011002,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Africa, Nigeria, Ìbàdàn","code":"Place made","continent":"Africa","subcontinent":"Western Africa","country":"Nigeria","region":null,"state":null,"city":"Ìbàdàn","county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/2339354/ibadan.html","location":{"lat":"","lon":""}},{"displaygeography":"Place collected: Africa, Nigeria, Ìbàdàn","code":"Place collected","continent":"Africa","subcontinent":"Western Africa","country":"Nigeria","region":null,"state":null,"city":"Ìbàdàn","county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/2339354/ibadan.html","location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"53.33"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"25.39"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"2017-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[{"id":14188,"displayname":"Yorùbá","displaydate":null,"datebegin":0,"dateend":0,"prefix":null,"suffix":"artist","role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Yorùbá artist","displayorder":1}],"datecomputed":1890,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Ceremonial Objects","packages":[{"packageid":184878,"name":"web_SOH_10"},{"packageid":194314,"name":"PUAM_States of Health"},{"packageid":188951,"name":"web_SOH_woc3"},{"packageid":207234,"name":"SAB_Gala2021"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2198841,"classification":"divination objects"},{"id":2127314,"classification":"scepters"},{"id":2138817,"classification":"staffs (walking sticks)"}],"exhibitions":[{"exhibitionid":3617,"citation":"States of Health: Visualizing Illness and Healing (November 2, 2019 –Sunday, February 2, 2020)","isvirtual":true,"begindate":"2019-11-02","enddate":"2020-02-02","uri":"https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/art/exhibitions/3617"}],"cultures":[],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/PUAMSTU2018_48058"],"displaytitle":"Herbalist's staff (ọ̀pá Ọ̀sanyìn)","displayculture":null,"displaymaker":"Yorùbá artist","captionhtml":"Yorùbá artist, Ìbàdàn, Nigeria, Western Africa, Herbalist's staff (ọ̀pá Ọ̀sanyìn), 19th or 20th century. Iron; 53.3 × 25.4 cm. Gift of Deborah Stokes (2017-220)","displaydate":"19th or 20th century","medium":"Iron","media":[{"id":213339,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/PUAMSTU2018_48058","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM Photo"},{"id":213340,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/PUAMSTU2018_48067","isprimary":0,"rank":2,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM Photo"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":false,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"African and Oceanic Art","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199315,"term":"African Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1850-1900","dateend":1979,"depicted":[],"titles":[],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":null,"objectnumber":"2017-220","inscribed":null,"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"<p>Deborah Stokes by collection in Ibadan, Nigeria, 1979; Princeton University Art Museum by gift, 2017</p><p><br></p>","remarks":"[[needs to be formatted for web use; updated KDW 3-2-19; still need to know exactly what \"collected\" means]]"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Special Exhibition","textentryhtml":"Herbalists, the specialized practitioners of Yorùbá traditional medicine, often work alongside priests to prevent, diagnose, and treat ailments. Hand-forged iron staffs such as this are placed in altars to Ò̀sanyìn, deity (<em>òrìsà</em>) of the herbalists. A flock of slender-necked birds and blades encircling a larger, central avian figure alludes to Ò̀sanyìn’s ability to transform himself into a bird, one of the many ways he gains knowledge<br>for healing and protection. Three small curling blades interspersed among the birds reference Ògún, a deity linked to tools and metal. Without Ògún’s help, a healer could not cut his way through the forest to gather his supplies, nor could a blacksmith have made this staff.","remarks":"States of Health"}],"datebegin":1800,"sortnumber":"2017  220","published_date":"2026-02-11 14:33:24.633954","objectid":133887,"dimensions":"53.3 × 25.4 cm (21 × 10 in.)","on_view":false}