{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[{"id":2036735,"period":"Imperial (Roman)"}],"creditline":"Museum Collection","caption":"Roman, Roman Imperial Period (ca. 30 BCE–476 CE), Roman Imperial, Gem depicting Fortuna. Carnelian; 1.4 x 1.2 cm. Museum Collection (y1940-231)","cultureterms":[{"id":2036723,"culture":"Roman (style or period)"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2036723,"term":"Roman (style or period)","aatid":300020533,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2036735,"term":"Imperial (Roman)","aatid":300020541,"termtype":"Period / Style"},{"id":2088280,"term":"women","aatid":300025943,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2055657,"term":"figures (representations)","aatid":300189808,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2049393,"term":"gems","aatid":300011172,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2171854,"term":"deities","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2131867,"term":"crowns (headdresses)","aatid":300046020,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2156545,"term":"engraving (incising)","aatid":300053829,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2163006,"term":"carnelian","aatid":300133223,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Roman Imperial","code":"Place made","continent":null,"subcontinent":null,"country":null,"region":"Roman Imperial","state":null,"city":null,"county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":null,"location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"1.40"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"1.20"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"1940-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[],"datecomputed":223,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Gems","packages":[{"packageid":278831,"name":"10282025-DAY1-ONVIEW"},{"packageid":220207,"name":"Gallery_22(Pavilion6)-AncientMed"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2049393,"classification":"gems"}],"exhibitions":[],"cultures":[{"id":13442,"culture":"Roman","alphasort":"Roman","begindate":0,"enddate":0,"displayculture":"Roman","displaydate":null}],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/INV42827"],"displaytitle":"Gem depicting Fortuna","displayculture":"Roman","displaymaker":null,"captionhtml":"Roman, Roman Imperial Period (ca. 30 BCE–476 CE), Roman Imperial, <i>Gem depicting Fortuna</i>. Carnelian; 1.4 x 1.2 cm. Museum Collection (y1940-231)","displaydate":null,"medium":"Carnelian","media":[{"id":23511,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/INV42827","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Inventory Project"}],"displayperiod":"Roman Imperial Period, ca. 30 BCE–476 CE","extended_content":false,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"Barbara Ann&nbsp;Forbes,<EM> Catalogue of engraved gems in The Art Museum.</EM> Dissertation (Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley, 1978).","citation":"Barbara Ann&nbsp;Forbes,<EM> Catalogue of engraved gems in The Art Museum.</EM> Dissertation (Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley, 1978)., p. 92-93; pl. 20:79","date":1978,"id":2218,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/14122267"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[{"id":12861,"period":"Roman Imperial Period","alphasort":"Roman Imperial Period","begindate":-30,"enddate":467,"displayperiod":"Roman Imperial Period, ca. 30 BCE–476 CE","displaydate":"ca. 30 BCE–476 CE"}],"department":"Ancient, Byzantine, and Islamic Art","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199316,"term":"Ancient Mediterranean Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1-500","dateend":476,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Gem depicting Fortuna","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":null,"objectnumber":"y1940-231","inscribed":null,"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"Unknown provenance; possibly part of the Old Collection; with the Museum by at least 1940","remarks":null},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"<p>\n\tEngraved gemstones were popular and useful personal items in both Republican and Imperial Rome, and featured a wide range of subjects, including deities, portraits of individuals, everyday objects, and mythological scenes. Many of these gemstones were used as seals that their owners could press into clay or wax, leaving behind an impression of the engraved image. These impressions functioned as the owner’s signature in business, politics, and personal affairs. A gemstone’s material, the quality of its engraving, and the identity of its maker also demarcated its owner’s wealth and status. By the second half of the first century BCE, gems were also collectors’ objects or could function as votive objects that were given to a god. Wealthy Romans would compile cabinets of engraved gems and display them in their homes or dedicate them in temples.\n</p>","remarks":"MED_22_ADJ-1_CLA-Day 1 Cataloguing (group chat-see label for all objects associated) "}],"datebegin":-30,"sortnumber":"1940  231y","published_date":"2026-02-11 09:36:31.372201","objectid":21489,"dimensions":"1.4 x 1.2 cm (9/16 x 1/2 in.)","on_view":true}