{"type":"artobject","objectid":27154,"objectnumber":"y1955-3229","sortnumber":"1955 3229y","displaytitle":"Processional cross","department":"European Painting and Sculpture ","classification":"Metal","datebegin":1200,"dateend":1299,"datecomputed":1250,"daterange":"A.D. 1000-1500","displaydate":"13th century","medium":"Copper and wood","dimensions":"65.6 x 40.2 x 4.5 cm (25 13/16 x 15 13/16 x 1 3/4 in.)","dimensionsproposed":"","creditline":"Museum purchase, gift of Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Class of 1906, for the Carl Otto von Kienbusch Jr., Memorial Collection","markings":null,"inscribed":null,"signed":null,"catalograisonne":null,"creditlinerepro":null,"restrictions":null,"nowebuse":"False","secondaryobjectnumber":null,"campuscollections":"false","on_view":false,"accessionyear":"1955-01-01","newaccession":0,"titles":[{"title":"Processional cross","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"makers":[],"depicted":[],"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"\r\nProcessional crosses have been used since Early Christian times. They are carried in liturgical, religious, or civic processions. Such crosses can belong to con-gregations, members of the higher clergy and their entourages, or other groups of Christians such as confraternities, and are carried at the head of the procession. Elevated on long poles, the crosses can be detached and are sometimes used on altars. </P></SPAN>","remarks":"Medieval Gallery Reinstallation"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"<p>\n\tWilliam Ellis Scull (1862-1942), Philadelphia; gift to The Chapter of the Cathedral of Christ, Philadelphia, by 1928 [1]. [Samuel T. Freeman, Philadelpha, “Rare Early American Furniture,” March 10, 1955, lot 768]; purchased by the Princeton University Art Museum.\n</p>\n<p>\n\t[1] William Ellis Scull assembled a large collection of medieval liturgical implements to form a treasury for the Cathedral of Christ in the Roxborough neighborhood of Philadelphia. It remains unbuilt except for the apse. Francis Henry Taylor, “A Collection of Liturgical Objects,” Pennsylvania Museum of Art Bulletin 24, 1928, 20-21.\n</p>","remarks":null}],"media":[{"id":13135,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1955-3229_GS","isprimary":0,"rank":10,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project"},{"id":15162,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1955-3229_2","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM Photo"},{"id":15163,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1955-3229_1","isprimary":0,"rank":2,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM Photo"}],"hasimage":"true","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"<p><em>The Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Jr. Memorial Collection</em> (Princeton: Princeton University Art Museum, 1956)</p>","citation":"<p><em>The Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Jr. Memorial Collection</em> (Princeton: Princeton University Art Museum, 1956)</p>, cat. no. 64 (illus.)","date":1956,"id":1824,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/3809022"},{"boilertext":"\"Recent acquisitions,\" <i>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University </i>15, no. 1 (1956): p. 26-27.","citation":"\"Recent acquisitions,\" <i>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University </i>15, no. 1 (1956): p. 26-27., p. 27","date":1956,"id":1832,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/i291443"}],"exhibitions":[{"exhibitionid":1579,"citation":"The Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Jr. Memorial Collection (Princeton University Art Museum, June 1956)","isvirtual":true,"begindate":"1956-06","enddate":"1956-06","uri":"https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/art/exhibitions/1579"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Europe, Italy, Abruzzi","code":"Place made","continent":"Europe","subcontinent":null,"country":"Italy","region":null,"state":null,"city":"Abruzzi","county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":null,"location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"terms":[{"id":2160046,"term":"rinceaux","aatid":300165495,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2097045,"term":"Christianity","aatid":300073711,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2048566,"term":"crosses (objects)","aatid":300235443,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2048811,"term":"devotional objects","aatid":300234144,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2031625,"term":"Italian","aatid":300111198,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2031747,"term":"Medieval","aatid":300020756,"termtype":"Period / Style"},{"id":2055657,"term":"figures (representations)","aatid":300189808,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2171366,"term":"Christ","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2171368,"term":"Mary","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2171374,"term":"bulls","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2127397,"term":"lions","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2049420,"term":"metalwork","aatid":300015336,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2171831,"term":"angels","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2095174,"term":"saints","aatid":300150555,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2171873,"term":"John","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2162034,"term":"copper","aatid":300011020,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2045920,"term":"wood","aatid":300011914,"termtype":"Materials"}],"classifications":[{"id":2049420,"classification":"metalwork"}],"cultures":[{"id":13456,"culture":"Italian","alphasort":"Italian","begindate":0,"enddate":0,"displayculture":"Italian","displaydate":null}],"cultureterms":[{"id":2031625,"culture":"Italian"}],"periods":[],"periodterms":[{"id":2031747,"period":"Medieval"}],"attribute_groups":[{"id":2199321,"term":"European Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"},{"id":2199338,"term":"Nazi-era gaps","termtype":"Provenance & Cultural Heritage"}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"65.60"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"40.20"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"4.50"}],"packages":[{"packageid":210962,"name":"Z_JS European On View 10 years"},{"packageid":265624,"name":"Prison Teaching Initiative Project"},{"packageid":246533,"name":"EPS Provenance Nazi-era gaps"},{"packageid":181985,"name":"web_2020_medieval"},{"packageid":119371,"name":"CRS_ART100_2017_10_02"},{"packageid":264608,"name":"DenseDisplay_EPS_at_20250205"},{"packageid":276252,"name":"Nazi Era Sept 2025 list for web"},{"packageid":264600,"name":"DenseDisplay_CompleteList_at_20250205"}],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1955-3229_2"],"displaymaker":null,"displayculture":"Italian","displayperiod":null,"caption":"Italian, Processional cross, 13th century. Copper and wood; 65.6 x 40.2 x 4.5 cm. Museum purchase, gift of Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Class of 1906, for the Carl Otto von Kienbusch Jr., Memorial Collection (y1955-3229)","captionhtml":"Italian, <i>Processional cross</i>, 13th century. Copper and wood; 65.6 x 40.2 x 4.5 cm. Museum purchase, gift of Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Class of 1906, for the Carl Otto von Kienbusch Jr., Memorial Collection (y1955-3229)","published_date":"2026-02-11 10:07:46.562467","campusart":[{"campuscollections":"false","campusart":0,"neighborhood":null,"lat":null,"lon":null}],"extended_content":false}