{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[],"creditline":"Museum purchase, gift of George L. Craig, Jr., Class of 1921, and Mrs. Craig","caption":"Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472–1553; born Kronach, Germany; died Weimar, Germany), Venus and Amor, ca. 1518–20. Oil on wood panel; 101.5 × 37.5 cm, 120.3 × 58 × 6.7 cm (frame). Museum purchase, gift of George L. Craig, Jr., Class of 1921, and Mrs. Craig (y1968-111)","cultureterms":[{"id":2031614,"culture":"German"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2053145,"term":"oil paintings","aatid":300033799,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2031614,"term":"German","aatid":300111192,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2055657,"term":"figures (representations)","aatid":300189808,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2099845,"term":"love","aatid":300055165,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2088282,"term":"woman","aatid":300025943,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2088151,"term":"children (people by age group)","aatid":300025945,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2171855,"term":"goddesses","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2051083,"term":"bows (weapons)","aatid":300036999,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2051164,"term":"arrows","aatid":300036976,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2095223,"term":"humor","aatid":300055927,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2055672,"term":"nudes","aatid":300189568,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2052977,"term":"paintings","aatid":300033618,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2096051,"term":"mythology","aatid":300055985,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2047925,"term":"panel (wood)","aatid":300014657,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2167780,"term":"oil paint","aatid":300015050,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"101.50"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"37.50"},{"element":"frame","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"120.33"},{"element":"frame","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"58.00"},{"element":"frame","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"6.70"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"1968-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[{"id":6693,"displayname":"Lucas Cranach the Elder","displaydate":"1472–1553; born Kronach, Germany; died Weimar, Germany","datebegin":1472,"dateend":1553,"prefix":null,"suffix":null,"role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1472–1553; born Kronach, Germany; died Weimar, Germany","displayorder":1}],"datecomputed":1519,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Paintings","packages":[{"packageid":210962,"name":"Z_JS European On View 10 years"},{"packageid":182999,"name":"image_descriptions_eps_painitings"},{"packageid":278831,"name":"10282025-DAY1-ONVIEW"},{"packageid":276252,"name":"Nazi Era Sept 2025 list for web"},{"packageid":181958,"name":"web_2020_K1-3"},{"packageid":210960,"name":"Z_JS European Anchors"},{"packageid":207234,"name":"SAB_Gala2021"},{"packageid":225374,"name":"Gallery_02-05(Pavilion1)-European [3]"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2052977,"classification":"paintings"},{"id":2053145,"classification":"oil paintings"}],"exhibitions":[],"cultures":[],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1968-111"],"displaytitle":"Venus and Amor","displayculture":null,"displaymaker":"Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1472–1553; born Kronach, Germany; died Weimar, Germany","captionhtml":"Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472–1553; born Kronach, Germany; died Weimar, Germany), <i>Venus and Amor</i>, ca. 1518–20. Oil on wood panel; 101.5 × 37.5 cm, 120.3 × 58 × 6.7 cm (frame). Museum purchase, gift of George L. Craig, Jr., Class of 1921, and Mrs. Craig (y1968-111)","displaydate":"ca. 1518–20","medium":"Oil on wood panel","media":[{"id":3279,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1968-111","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project\r\nphoto: John Blazejewski (no credit necessary)"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":false,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"Alfreda J. Murck, \"Acquisitions 1968\", <EM>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 27, no. 2 (1968): p. 94-105.","citation":"Alfreda J. Murck, \"Acquisitions 1968\", <EM>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 27, no. 2 (1968): p. 94-105., p. 96","date":1968,"id":6009,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774498"},{"boilertext":"Jacques Thuiller, \"Poussin et ses premieres compagnons Francais a Rome\" in Andre Chastel, ed., <EM>Nicholas Poussin</EM>, (Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1960).","citation":"Jacques Thuiller, \"Poussin et ses premieres compagnons Francais a Rome\" in Andre Chastel, ed., <EM>Nicholas Poussin</EM>, (Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1960).","date":1960,"id":4714,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/846979311"},{"boilertext":"<P>Anne Sulzbach, <EM>Cranach der Ältere: eine Einführung ab 12 Jahren</EM>, (Frankfurt am Main: Städel-Museum, 2007).</P>","citation":"<P>Anne Sulzbach, <EM>Cranach der Ältere: eine Einführung ab 12 Jahren</EM>, (Frankfurt am Main: Städel-Museum, 2007).</P>, p. 104, fig. 7","date":2007,"id":4717,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/634224289"},{"boilertext":"<P>Max J. Friedländer, <EM>Die Gemalde von Lucas Cranach</EM>, (Berlin: Deutscher Verein für Kunstwissenschaft, 1932).</P>","citation":"<P>Max J. Friedländer, <EM>Die Gemalde von Lucas Cranach</EM>, (Berlin: Deutscher Verein für Kunstwissenschaft, 1932).</P>, p. 49, no. 98e","date":1932,"id":4718,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/233639067"},{"boilertext":"<EM>Catalogue Collection Goudstikker, Amsterdam: 10e exposition dans les locaux de \"Pulchri Studio\"</EM>, (Amsterdam: [Goudstikker?], 1930).","citation":"<EM>Catalogue Collection Goudstikker, Amsterdam: 10e exposition dans les locaux de \"Pulchri Studio\"</EM>, (Amsterdam: [Goudstikker?], 1930)., no. 28","date":1926,"id":4719,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/888629099"},{"boilertext":"<EM>Catalogue des tableaux anciens ..., objets d'art &amp; de curiosité ... ; tapisseries ..., dependant des Collections de M. Jean Dollfus</EM>, (Paris: Galerie Charpentier, 1912).","citation":"<EM>Catalogue des tableaux anciens ..., objets d'art &amp; de curiosité ... ; tapisseries ..., dependant des Collections de M. Jean Dollfus</EM>, (Paris: Galerie Charpentier, 1912)., p. 23, no. 1 (illus.)","date":1912,"id":4720,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/908838061"},{"boilertext":"Hippolyte Mireur, <EM>Dictionnaire des ventes d'art faites en France et à l'étranger pendant les XVIIIme &amp; XIXme siècles</EM>, (Paris: Maison D’Éditions d’œuvres artistiques, Ch. de Vincenti, 1911-12).","citation":"Hippolyte Mireur, <EM>Dictionnaire des ventes d'art faites en France et à l'étranger pendant les XVIIIme &amp; XIXme siècles</EM>, (Paris: Maison D’Éditions d’œuvres artistiques, Ch. de Vincenti, 1911-12)., Vol. 2: p. 311","date":1911,"id":4721,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/2037092"},{"boilertext":"<EM>Exposition de tableaux, statues et objets d'art au profit de l'Oeuvre des orphelins d'Alsace-Lorraine</EM>, (Paris: Imprimeries réunies C., 1885).","citation":"<EM>Exposition de tableaux, statues et objets d'art au profit de l'Oeuvre des orphelins d'Alsace-Lorraine</EM>, (Paris: Imprimeries réunies C., 1885)., p. 33, no. 91","date":1885,"id":4722,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/43226319"},{"boilertext":"<EM>Tableaux anciens et modernes de la collection de feu le Dr Isambert... vente 9 mars 1877...</EM>, (Paris?: Hotel Drouot?, 1877).","citation":"<EM>Tableaux anciens et modernes de la collection de feu le Dr Isambert... vente 9 mars 1877...</EM>, (Paris?: Hotel Drouot?, 1877)., p. 9, no. 17","date":1877,"id":4723,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/762533211"},{"boilertext":"William S. Heckscher, \"Petites perceptions: an account of sortes Warburgianae\",<EM> Journal of medieval and Renaissance studies</EM> 4, (1974): p. 101-132.","citation":"William S. Heckscher, \"Petites perceptions: an account of sortes Warburgianae\",<EM> Journal of medieval and Renaissance studies</EM> 4, (1974): p. 101-132., p. 115-117","date":1974,"id":4724,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/888423691"},{"boilertext":"<em>A group of paintings by Lucas Cranach the Elder</em>, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Art Museum, 1969).","citation":"<em>A group of paintings by Lucas Cranach the Elder</em>, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Art Museum, 1969)., no. 1 (illus.)","date":1969,"id":4725,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/32884431"},{"boilertext":"Robert A. Koch, \"Venus and Amor by Lucas Cranach the Elder\",<EM> Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 28, no. 1 (1969): p. 54-57.","citation":"Robert A. Koch, \"Venus and Amor by Lucas Cranach the Elder\",<EM> Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 28, no. 1 (1969): p. 54-57., p. 56; p. 55 (illus.)","date":1969,"id":4726,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774411"},{"boilertext":"Max J. Friedlander and Jacob Rosenberg, <EM>The paintings of Lucas Cranach</EM>, (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1978).","citation":"Max J. Friedlander and Jacob Rosenberg, <EM>The paintings of Lucas Cranach</EM>, (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1978)., p. 93, no. 116 (illus.)","date":1978,"id":4727,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/4505133"},{"boilertext":"<P>Anna&nbsp;Coliva&nbsp;and Bernard Aikema, eds., <EM>Cranache: l'altro rinasciment,</EM>&nbsp;(Rome: Galleria Borghese, 2011).</P>","citation":"<P>Anna&nbsp;Coliva&nbsp;and Bernard Aikema, eds., <EM>Cranache: l'altro rinasciment,</EM>&nbsp;(Rome: Galleria Borghese, 2011).</P>, p. 204-5 (illus.)","date":2011,"id":814,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/773796471"},{"boilertext":"Anna Coliva Bernard Aikema,<em> Cranach: l'altro rinascimento</em>. (Milano: 24 Ore Cultura, 2010).","citation":"Anna Coliva Bernard Aikema,<em> Cranach: l'altro rinascimento</em>. (Milano: 24 Ore Cultura, 2010)., p. 204, 205 (illus.), 206","date":2010,"id":1505,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/682618107"},{"boilertext":"Allen Rosenbaum and Francis F. Jones,<em> Selections from The Art Museum, Princeton University, </em>(Princeton,&nbsp;NJ: The Art Museum, Princeton University, 1986)","citation":"Allen Rosenbaum and Francis F. Jones,<em> Selections from The Art Museum, Princeton University, </em>(Princeton,&nbsp;NJ: The Art Museum, Princeton University, 1986), p. 79 (illus.)","date":1986,"id":1899,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/14244748"},{"boilertext":"<i>Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collection</i> (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007)","citation":"<i>Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collection</i> (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007), p. 181 (illus.)","date":2007,"id":474,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/191864564"},{"boilertext":"Guido Messling, <EM>De wereld van Lucas Cranach: een kunstenaar ten tijde van Dürer, Titiaan en Metsys,</EM>&nbsp; (Tielt: Lannoo [u.a.], 2010).","citation":"Guido Messling, <EM>De wereld van Lucas Cranach: een kunstenaar ten tijde van Dürer, Titiaan en Metsys,</EM>&nbsp; (Tielt: Lannoo [u.a.], 2010).","date":2010,"id":836,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/886432191"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"European Painting and Sculpture ","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199321,"term":"European Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1500-1600","dateend":1520,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Venus and Amor","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":null,"objectnumber":"y1968-111","inscribed":"Panel top: OCEANI QVONDAM SPVMIS VENVS ORTA FEREBAT NVNC SPVMIS LVCA VINO RENATA TVIS","texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"<p>\n\tThe Roman goddess of love, Venus, and her son and the god of desire, Cupid, look out at the viewer, their pale skin luminous against a dark background. Cupid raises a diaphanous veil to his eyes, but it blinds him no more than Venus’s drapery covers her nudity. Above Venus, a Latin inscription reads: “Once upon a time risen from the foam of the sea, I, Venus, was wafted ashore / Now, O Lucas, do I live reborn, thanks to your foam.” The ambiguities of the text have led to different interpretations, including “foam” as a reference to paint.\n</p>\n<p>\n\tCranach updated this ancient subject by showing Venus with a necklace and a pearl hairband that were in fashion at the Saxon court in Wittenberg, Germany, where he was a painter for most of his career. By modernizing Venus’s appearance, Cranach presented contemporary heterosexual male viewers with a moral challenge of confronting lust.\n</p>","remarks":"EUR1_02-05_WLA-Day 1 Cataloguing "},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"<font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\"><font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\"><p><font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\"><font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\">\n</font></font></p><p><font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\"><font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\">\n\t</font></font></p><span lang=\"EN\">\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\tJohann Peter Weyer, Cologne, probably his sale, 1852. [1]\n</p><p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">Dr. Isambert, Paris, his sale 9 March, 1877, lot 17.[2]\t</p><p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">Jean Dollfus, Paris, his sale, April 1, 1912, Galerie Georges Petit, Paris, lot 1; [3]\n</p><p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">Acquired by E. Artus at the above sale.[4]\t</p><p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">J. Goudstikker, Amsterdam, by 1926, inv. No. 1666.[5]\t</p><p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">Prof. A. H. Kleiweg van Zwaan, Amsterdam; [6]</p><p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">Bought by Frederick Mont from Prof. van Zwaan.[7]\n</p><p> Bought from Mr. Mont by Princeton (1968) [8]\n</p><p> </p><p>Notes </p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\t1. According to <i>Beschreibung des Inhalts der Sammlung von Gemälde Älterer Meister des Herrn Johann Peter Weyer</i>, Cologne, 1852, no. 44.\n</p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\t2. Per label on reverse and the Dollfus auction catalogue.\n</p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\t3. Auction catalogue.\n</p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\t4. Robert A. Koch, &quot;‘Venus and Amor’ by Lucas Cranach the Elder,&quot; <i>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</i> 28, no. 1 (1969): 54–57, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.2307/3774411\"><span lang=\"EN\">https://doi.org/10.2307/3774411</span></a><span lang=\"EN\">, and according to annotations on the Dollfus sale catalogue. </span>\n</p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\t5. <i>Catalogue Collection Goudstikker, Amsterdam. 10e Exposition dans les Locaux de &quot;Pulchri Studio&quot; (Catalogue no. 30)</i>, Lange Voorhout 15, Le Haye.<i> </i>13 Mars – 14 Avril, 1926, no. 28. Inventory number from label on reverse.\n</p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\t6. Koch, &quot;‘Venus and Amor’ by Lucas Cranach the Elder,&quot; (1969).\n</p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\t7. Koch, &quot;‘Venus and Amor’ by Lucas Cranach the Elder,&quot; (1969).\n</p>\n</span>\n<font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\"><font color=\"#191919\" face=\"Calibri\"><p></p>\n</font></font><p></p></font></font>","remarks":"Alexandra Germer"}],"datebegin":1518,"sortnumber":"1968  111y","published_date":"2026-02-11 10:21:27.577059","objectid":30541,"dimensions":"101.5 × 37.5 cm (39 15/16 × 14 3/4 in.)\r\nframe: 120.3 × 58 × 6.7 cm (47 3/8 × 22 13/16 × 2 5/8 in.)","on_view":true}