{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[],"creditline":"Gift of Perry E. H. Smith, Class of 1957","caption":"Artist unrecorded, Yaka, Bandundu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central Africa, N-kisyan khanda or ndeemba mask, 20th century, before 1975. Wood, kaolin, raffia, paint, cane, and cloth; 58.5 cm (overall), 53.5 cm (excluding raffia). Gift of Perry E. H. Smith, Class of 1957 (y1990-90)","cultureterms":[{"id":2041478,"culture":"African"},{"id":2042720,"culture":"Yaka"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2048754,"term":"ceremonial objects","aatid":300234117,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2100254,"term":"social status","aatid":300065206,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2134760,"term":"rites of passage","aatid":300247989,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2134778,"term":"initiations","aatid":300069180,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2088139,"term":"youth","aatid":300025944,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2158090,"term":"faces","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2135524,"term":"rituals (events)","aatid":300065284,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2103928,"term":"trees","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2129353,"term":"masks (costume)","aatid":300138758,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2041478,"term":"African","aatid":300015647,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2042720,"term":"Yaka","aatid":300016276,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2159868,"term":"geometric patterns","aatid":300165213,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2088270,"term":"men","aatid":300025928,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2043699,"term":"raffia","aatid":300014051,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2156347,"term":"carving","aatid":300053149,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2151271,"term":"weaving","aatid":300053642,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2151569,"term":"painting (coating)","aatid":300161986,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2044421,"term":"cotton (textile)","aatid":300014067,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2045686,"term":"cane (plant material)","aatid":300011864,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2044505,"term":"cloth","aatid":300162391,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2157596,"term":"braiding","aatid":300053638,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2045920,"term":"wood","aatid":300011914,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2160373,"term":"kaolin","aatid":300010445,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2167740,"term":"paint","aatid":300015029,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Africa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bandundu Province, Lufuna Sector","code":"Place made","continent":"Africa","subcontinent":"Central Africa","country":"Democratic Republic of the Congo","region":null,"state":"Bandundu Province","city":null,"county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":"Lufuna Sector","locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/2313419/lufuna.html","location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"53.50"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"58.50"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"1990-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[{"id":22875,"displayname":"Artist unrecorded","displaydate":null,"datebegin":0,"dateend":0,"prefix":null,"suffix":null,"role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Artist unrecorded","displayorder":1}],"datecomputed":1938,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Masks","packages":[{"packageid":278831,"name":"10282025-DAY1-ONVIEW"},{"packageid":197269,"name":"web_highlights -revised 2021"},{"packageid":223066,"name":"Gallery_31_African"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2129353,"classification":"masks (costume)"},{"id":2048754,"classification":"ceremonial objects"}],"exhibitions":[],"cultures":[{"id":13990,"culture":"Yaka","alphasort":"Yaka","begindate":0,"enddate":0,"displayculture":"Yaka","displaydate":null}],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1990-90_FRN"],"displaytitle":"N-kisyan khanda or ndeemba mask","displayculture":"Yaka","displaymaker":"Artist unrecorded","captionhtml":"Artist unrecorded, Yaka, Bandundu Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central Africa, <i>N-kisyan khanda or ndeemba mask</i>, 20th century, before 1975. Wood, kaolin, raffia, paint, cane, and cloth; 58.5 cm (overall), 53.5 cm (excluding raffia). Gift of Perry E. H. Smith, Class of 1957 (y1990-90)","displaydate":"20th century, before 1975","medium":"Wood, kaolin, raffia, paint, cane, and cloth","media":[{"id":7587,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1990-90_FRN","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project"},{"id":7588,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y1990-90_OBL","isprimary":0,"rank":2,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":false,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"<i>Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collections </i>(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Art Museum, 2013)","citation":"<i>Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collections </i>(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Art Museum, 2013), p. 162","date":2013,"id":1994,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/865020505"},{"boilertext":"<i>Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collection</i> (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007)","citation":"<i>Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collection</i> (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007), p. 160 (illus.)","date":2007,"id":474,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/191864564"},{"boilertext":"\"Acquisitions of the Art Museum 1990,\" <EM>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University </EM>50, no. 1 (1991): p. 16-69.","citation":"\"Acquisitions of the Art Museum 1990,\" <EM>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University </EM>50, no. 1 (1991): p. 16-69., p. 68","date":1991,"id":1866,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774743"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"African and Oceanic Art","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199315,"term":"African Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1900-1945","dateend":1975,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"N-kisyan khanda or ndeemba mask","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":"","objectnumber":"y1990-90","inscribed":null,"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"Purchased by Perry E.H. Smith (1936?-2019) in Zaire (present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) between 1971 and circa 1975; donated to the Princeton University Art Museum, Princeton, NJ, 1990.","remarks":"Revised by Perrin Lathrop, 3/20/2025"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"The Yaka of southwest Democratic Republic of the Congo and northern Angola are known for a variety of masks associated with male initiation and circumcision rites. The newly initiated wore masks at a celebration marking the end of these rites, and they frequently toured the region with the masks to proclaim their new status. This example’s small oval face, with upturned nose, is nearly hidden by the surrounding fiber, which completely engulfs a hand grip carved beneath the chin.\n","remarks":null}],"datebegin":1900,"sortnumber":"1990   90y","published_date":"2026-02-11 10:35:43.657802","objectid":33507,"dimensions":"overall: h. 58.5 cm (23 1/16 in.) \r\nexcluding raffia: h. 53.5 cm (21 1/16 in.)","on_view":true}