Natalie B. Kampen, E. Marlow, and R.M. Molholt, What is Man?: changing images of masculinity in Late Antique art, (Portland, OR: Douglas F. Cooley Memorial Art Gallery, Reed College, 2002).
","citation":"Natalie B. Kampen, E. Marlow, and R.M. Molholt, What is Man?: changing images of masculinity in Late Antique art, (Portland, OR: Douglas F. Cooley Memorial Art Gallery, Reed College, 2002).
","date":2002,"id":2217,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/50329316"},{"boilertext":"Salomon Reinach, Repertoire de la statuaire grecque et romaine, (Paris: E. Leroux, 1897-1930).","citation":"Salomon Reinach, Repertoire de la statuaire grecque et romaine, (Paris: E. Leroux, 1897-1930)., Vol. 2, pt. 2: p. 106, no. 6","date":1897,"id":2505,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/18668483"},{"boilertext":"J. Michael Padgett, ed., Roman sculpture in The Art Museum, Princeton University, (Princeton, NJ: Art Museum, Princeton University, 2001).","citation":"J. Michael Padgett, ed., Roman sculpture in The Art Museum, Princeton University, (Princeton, NJ: Art Museum, Princeton University, 2001)., p. 122-125, no. 33","date":2001,"id":2140,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/47868668"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[{"id":12861,"period":"Roman Imperial Period","alphasort":"Roman Imperial Period","begindate":-30,"enddate":467,"displayperiod":"Roman Imperial Period, ca. 30 BCE–476 CE","displaydate":"ca. 30 BCE–476 CE"}],"department":"Ancient, Byzantine, and Islamic Art","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199316,"term":"Ancient Mediterranean Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1-500","dateend":160,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Mithras slaying the bull","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":"","objectnumber":"y342","inscribed":null,"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"\n\tFollowers of Mithraism believed that the world came into being when the Sun god ordered Mithras to sacrifice a bull. This work follows a conventional format for depicting the subsequent acts of creation told in the myth. For example, Mithras’s cloak, here shown billowing out behind him, transformed into the heavenly vault. From the bull’s tail sprouted the first grain, represented here as an ear of corn on the strut supporting the tail. The bull’s blood was responsible for growing the first grape, while all the animals that live on the earth sprang from his genitals. The bull later turned into the moon, day and night separated, and time began. While this male cult originated in present-day Iran, by the second century CE it was popular in Rome and the frontier provinces. This object likely functioned as a cult statue and was set up in a subterranean shrine.\n
","remarks":"\r\n\r\nMED_22_ADJ-1_CLA-Day 1 Cataloguing (group chat for y1988-10, y342) \r\n"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"\n\tReportedly uncovered in France [1]. [Joseph Brummer, New York (NY), by April 8, 1925]; purchased by the Princeton University Art Museum, April 8, 1925.\n
\n\n\t[1] According to invoice by Brummer in museum files.\n
","remarks":null}],"datebegin":140,"sortnumber":"342 y","published_date":"2026-05-08 02:00:41.700236","objectid":34400,"dimensions":"60.5 x 58.0 x 22.7 cm (23 13/16 x 22 13/16 x 8 15/16 in.)","on_view":true}