{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[],"creditline":"Museum purchase, Trumbull-Prime Fund, in 1924","caption":"French, Martyrdom of Saint George, 13th century and ca. 1918–22. Pot-metal glass; 170 × 131 cm, 172.2 × 133 × 7.6 cm (frame, exterior of armature). Museum purchase, Trumbull-Prime Fund, in 1924 (y71)","cultureterms":[{"id":2031609,"culture":"French"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2095964,"term":"religious art","aatid":300248179,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2112008,"term":"windows","aatid":300002944,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2056370,"term":"red","aatid":300126225,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2057221,"term":"brown","aatid":300127490,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2057735,"term":"yellow","aatid":300127794,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2058601,"term":"green (color)","aatid":300128438,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2059407,"term":"blue","aatid":300129361,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2061154,"term":"white (color)","aatid":300129784,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2095114,"term":"martyrs","aatid":300188714,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2031609,"term":"French","aatid":300111188,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2095174,"term":"saints","aatid":300150555,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2161568,"term":"stained glass","aatid":300010853,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2188622,"term":"pot-metal glass","aatid":null,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Europe, France, Eure-et-Loir, Chartres","code":"Place made","continent":"Europe","subcontinent":null,"country":"France","region":null,"state":"Eure-et-Loir","city":"Chartres","county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":null,"location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"170.00"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"131.00"},{"element":"frame","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"172.24"},{"element":"frame","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"133.03"},{"element":"frame","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"7.61"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":null,"newaccession":0,"makers":[],"datecomputed":1250,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Architectural Elements","packages":[{"packageid":278831,"name":"10282025-DAY1-ONVIEW"},{"packageid":193087,"name":"2020_M+A_EMP"},{"packageid":210960,"name":"Z_JS European Anchors"},{"packageid":239549,"name":"VP_Level 3_Embedded"},{"packageid":267450,"name":"Web_CA_2025_European"},{"packageid":210962,"name":"Z_JS European On View 10 years"},{"packageid":181985,"name":"web_2020_medieval"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2112008,"classification":"windows"},{"id":2161568,"classification":"stained glass"}],"exhibitions":[],"cultures":[{"id":13586,"culture":"French","alphasort":"French","begindate":0,"enddate":0,"displayculture":"French","displaydate":null}],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/2025_05_30_JH_0105-Edit"],"displaytitle":"Martyrdom of Saint George","displayculture":"French","displaymaker":null,"captionhtml":"French, <i>Martyrdom of Saint George</i>, 13th century and ca. 1918–22. Pot-metal glass; 170 × 131 cm, 172.2 × 133 × 7.6 cm (frame, exterior of armature). Museum purchase, Trumbull-Prime Fund, in 1924 (y71)","displaydate":"13th century and ca. 1918–22","medium":"Pot-metal glass","media":[{"id":6393,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y71","isprimary":0,"rank":2,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project"},{"id":267126,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/2025_05_30_JH_0105-Edit","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM Photo"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":true,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"Allen Rosenbaum and Francis F. Jones,<em> Selections from The Art Museum, Princeton University, </em>(Princeton,&nbsp;NJ: The Art Museum, Princeton University, 1986)","citation":"Allen Rosenbaum and Francis F. Jones,<em> Selections from The Art Museum, Princeton University, </em>(Princeton,&nbsp;NJ: The Art Museum, Princeton University, 1986), p. 57 (illus.)","date":1986,"id":1899,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/14244748"},{"boilertext":"\"[Frank Jewett Mather, Jr. 1868-1953: In memoriam]\", <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 13, no. 1 (1954): p. 2-19.","citation":"\"[Frank Jewett Mather, Jr. 1868-1953: In memoriam]\", <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 13, no. 1 (1954): p. 2-19., p. 3; cover (illus.)","date":1954,"id":3249,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774344"},{"boilertext":"Elizabeth Carson Pastan and Mary B. Shepard, \"The Torture of Saint George Medallion from Chartres Cathedral in Princeton,\" <EM>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 56, no. 1/2 (1997): 10–32.","citation":"Elizabeth Carson Pastan and Mary B. Shepard, \"The Torture of Saint George Medallion from Chartres Cathedral in Princeton,\" <EM>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 56, no. 1/2 (1997): 10–32., pp. 10–13, figs. 1–6; p. 18, fig. 10; p. 19, fig. 11; p. 24, fig. 18","date":1997,"id":3049,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774756"},{"boilertext":"Barbara T. Ross, \"The Mather years 1922-1946,\"&nbsp; in \"An art museum for Princeton: the early years\", special issue, <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 55, no. 1/2 (1996): p. 53–76.","citation":"Barbara T. Ross, \"The Mather years 1922-1946,\"&nbsp; in \"An art museum for Princeton: the early years\", special issue, <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 55, no. 1/2 (1996): p. 53–76., p. 60, fig. 5","date":1996,"id":3053,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774780"},{"boilertext":"<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>Paul Frankl, \"Four Pieces of Stained Glass,\" <EM>Record of The Museum of Historic Art, Princeton University</EM> 3, no. 1, (Spring, 1944).</SPAN>","citation":"<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>Paul Frankl, \"Four Pieces of Stained Glass,\" <EM>Record of The Museum of Historic Art, Princeton University</EM> 3, no. 1, (Spring, 1944).</SPAN>, p. 11","date":1944,"id":3687,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/i291420"},{"boilertext":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif'>Henry Graham, \"A Reappraisal of the Princeton Window from Chartres,\" <EM>Record of The Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 21, no. 2 (1962): 30<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: TisaWebPro, \"Times Roman\", Times, Georgia, serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'>–</SPAN>45.</SPAN></P>","citation":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif'>Henry Graham, \"A Reappraisal of the Princeton Window from Chartres,\" <EM>Record of The Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 21, no. 2 (1962): 30<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 15px; FONT-FAMILY: TisaWebPro, \"Times Roman\", Times, Georgia, serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; WORD-SPACING: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; FLOAT: none; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); FONT-STYLE: normal; ORPHANS: 2; WIDOWS: 2; DISPLAY: inline !important; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial'>–</SPAN>45.</SPAN></P>, p. 32 (illus.); p. 33 (illus.); p. 35 (illus.); p. 40 (illus.)","date":1962,"id":3689,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/i291455"},{"boilertext":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif'>\"Loans extended by the Art Museum\", <EM>Record of The Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 29, no. 1, (1970).</SPAN></P>","citation":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif'>\"Loans extended by the Art Museum\", <EM>Record of The Art Museum, Princeton University</EM> 29, no. 1, (1970).</SPAN></P>, p. 28-29 (illus.)","date":1970,"id":3690,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774559"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"European Painting and Sculpture ","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199321,"term":"European Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1000-1500","dateend":1299,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Martyrdom of Saint George","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":"","objectnumber":"y71","inscribed":null,"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"<span lang=\"EN\">\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\tChartres Cathedral choir clerestory;\n</p>\n<p>\n\tremoved 1773 or 1788 and stored (?) [1];\n</p><p><span lang=\"EN\">in 1816, used to repair Vendôme chapel window at Chartres that was partially destroyed during the French Revolution [2];\n</span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\">\n<span lang=\"EN\">\n<p>\n\tstored in Chartres Cathedral crypt during World War I (1914-1918) [3];\n</p>\n</span>\n</span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\">removed from Vendôme Chapel window c. 1918-1924.\n</span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\">\n<p>\n\tCollection of Raoul Heilbronner (d.1941) [4].\n</p>\n</span>\n\n</span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\"><p>\n\tSold Hôtel Drouot, June 23, 1922, lot 33 [5];\n</p><p><span lang=\"EN\">\n<p>\n\tpurchased by E. Ruegg, Lausanne, Switzerland [6];\n</p><p><span lang=\"EN\">\n<p align=\"LEFT\" dir=\"LTR\">\n\tpurchased 1923 by Frank Jewett Mather, Jr. (1868-1953), Director (1922-1946) of Princeton\nUniversity Museum of Historic Art (now Princeton University Art Museum) [7];\n</p><p><span lang=\"EN\">\n<p>\n\ttransferred 1923 to Princeton University Museum of Historic Art [8].\n</p><p> </p><p>Notes: </p>\n</span>\n<span lang=\"EN\">\n<p>[1] Likely stored in cathedral storage rooms: Yves Delaporte, <i>Les Vitraux de la Cathedrale de Chartres I: Texte </i>(Chartres: Houvet, 1926), 68-69; Elizabeth Carson Pastan and Mary B. Shepard, &quot;The Torture of Saint George Medallion from Chartres Cathedral in Princeton,&quot; <i>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</i> 56, no. 1/2 (1997): 15. </p><p>\n\t[2] Upper left quadrant of medallion seen and described by historian and archaeologist Baron Ferdinand de Guilhermy in 1858: &quot;1ème baie: Débris confus de vitraux du XIIIe siècle.... Fragment, d'un personnage, probablement un martyr, nimbé, nud, attaché à une roue,&quot; Baron Ferdinand de Guilhermy, &quot;Description des localités de la France,&quot; Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, MS Nouv. acq. fr. 6098, vol. V, f. 212v.; Claudine Lautier, <i>Recensement des vitraux anciens de la France, 2: Les vitraux du centre et des pays de la Loire </i>(Paris, 1981), 2, 33, Bay 40.\n</p><p>[3] <span lang=\"EN\">Delaporte, <i>Les Vitraux de la Cathédrale de Chartres, I: Texte</i>, 112-116.\n</span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\">[4] <span lang=\"EN\">Raoul Heilbronner was a dealer specializing in Gothic and Renaissance antiques. He was active in Paris during the late 19<sup><font size=\"2\">th</font></sup> and early 20<sup><font size=\"2\">th</font></sup> centuries.</span></span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\">[5] <span lang=\"EN\">At the beginning of World War I, France named Heilbronner, a German citizen, an enemy alien. The French government confiscated his collection and sold most of it in a series of auctions as reparations for war damages, according to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. This window was sold in the seventh sale.; &quot;Grand Vitrail peint en couleurs, représentant un saint supplicié. Il est attaché à une roue et martyrisé par deux personnages.&quot; Hôtel Drouot, <i>Sequestre Raoul Heilbronner: Catalogue des Objets d'art et de Curiosité Principalement des XVIe et XVIIIe siècles: Collections de M. Raoul Heilbronner</i>, sale catalogue (Paris, 22 -23 June 1922), p. 8, lot 33.\n</span></span></span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\">[6] <span lang=\"EN\">Ruegg wrongly stated that the window came from the collection of Eugène Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc. See February 7, 1928 letter from E. Ruegg to Frank Jewett Mathew, Jr. in the curatorial file; also see Pastan and Shepard, &quot;The Torture of Saint George Medallion from Chartres Cathedral in Princeton,&quot; 17-18.\n</span></span></span></span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\">[7] <span lang=\"EN\">Mather purchased the window September 21, 1923 with the intention of consigning it to the Museum and charging it to the Trumbull-Prime fund. See September 21, 1923 letter from Frank Jewett Mather, Jr. to Allan Marquand in the PUAM curatorial file; see also letter from E. Ruegg to Frank Jewett Mather, Jr., 7 February 1928.\n</span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\"><span lang=\"EN\">[8] <span lang=\"EN\">September 21, 1923 letter from Frank Jewett Mather, Jr. to Allan Marquand in the PUAM curatorial file.\n\n </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p> </p>\n</span>\n </p>\n</span>\n </p>\n</span>\n </p>\n</span>\n</p>\n</span>","remarks":"By Meredith Hanna Noorda, McCrindle Intern"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"Purchased by the museum in the early twentieth-century as an authentic, intact medieval stained-glass window, this object is actually a composite made up of modern inserts, old glass that has been repurposed, and old glass that has been altered or repainted.&nbsp;&nbsp; Several fragments, notably the head and torso of the figure do come from a window of the same subject-Saint George's martyrdom on a wheel-from the Choir of Chartres Cathedral.&nbsp; However, even these have been heavily retouched.&nbsp; The Chartres Choir window showing Saint George was removed in the eighteenth-century to allow more light into the church.&nbsp; The glass presumably was salvaged to use for repairs to other windows.&nbsp; Indeed, evidence suggests that by the nineteenth-century Saint George-still intact with his wheel-formed part of a window made up of mismatched glass in one of the cathedral's side chapels, which, in turn, had been destroyed in the French Revolution.&nbsp; During World War I, all the glass in the church was removed for safe keeping.&nbsp; After the war, the chapel received a new window and part of the Saint George-a piece of the wheel and one of the saint's arms-was moved to a transept window where it can still be seen today.&nbsp; Soon thereafter, the Princeton fragments found their way into this glass medallion and surfaced in a sale at the Hôtel Drouot in Paris as part of the collection of the dealer Raoul Heilbronner.","remarks":"Medieval Gallery Reinstallation"}],"datebegin":1200,"sortnumber":"71     y","published_date":"2026-03-10 02:00:16.211578","objectid":34722,"dimensions":"170 × 131 cm (66 15/16 × 51 9/16 in.)\r\nframe (exterior of armature): 172.2 × 133 × 7.6 cm (67 13/16 × 52 3/8 × 3 in.)","on_view":true}