{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[{"id":2031774,"period":"Romanesque"}],"creditline":"Museum purchase, gift of Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Class of 1906, for the Carl Otto von Kienbusch Jr., Memorial Collection","caption":"Tirolus Iafarinus (Italian, 12th century), Processional cross, ca. 1100–50. Copper with gilding; 50.7 × 25.3 × 0.6 cm. Museum purchase, gift of Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Class of 1906, for the Carl Otto von Kienbusch Jr., Memorial Collection (y97)","cultureterms":[{"id":2031625,"culture":"Italian"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2048566,"term":"crosses (objects)","aatid":300235443,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2162034,"term":"copper","aatid":300011020,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2048754,"term":"ceremonial objects","aatid":300234117,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2048811,"term":"devotional objects","aatid":300234144,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2031625,"term":"Italian","aatid":300111198,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2031774,"term":"Romanesque","aatid":300020768,"termtype":"Period / Style"},{"id":2162034,"term":"copper","aatid":300011020,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Italy","code":"Place made","continent":null,"subcontinent":null,"country":"Italy","region":null,"state":null,"city":null,"county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":null,"location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"50.70"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"25.30"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"0.60"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":null,"newaccession":0,"makers":[{"id":15514,"displayname":"Tirolus Iafarinus","displaydate":"Italian, 12th century","datebegin":1100,"dateend":1199,"prefix":null,"suffix":null,"role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Tirolus Iafarinus, Italian, 12th century","displayorder":1}],"datecomputed":1125,"signed":"See inscription.","restrictions":null,"classification":"Ceremonial Objects","packages":[{"packageid":210962,"name":"Z_JS European On View 10 years"},{"packageid":181985,"name":"web_2020_medieval"},{"packageid":119371,"name":"CRS_ART100_2017_10_02"},{"packageid":278831,"name":"10282025-DAY1-ONVIEW"},{"packageid":210132,"name":"2022_ART228/HLS228/MED228/HUM228_03_18"},{"packageid":210960,"name":"Z_JS European Anchors"},{"packageid":216636,"name":"2022_ART400_09_15"},{"packageid":267450,"name":"Web_CA_2025_European"},{"packageid":225374,"name":"Gallery_02-05(Pavilion1)-European [3]"},{"packageid":231038,"name":"2023_ART400_11_13"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2048754,"classification":"ceremonial objects"}],"exhibitions":[{"exhibitionid":1579,"citation":"The Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Jr. Memorial Collection (Princeton University Art Museum, June 1956)","isvirtual":true,"begindate":"1956-06","enddate":"1956-06","uri":"https://artmuseum.princeton.edu/art/exhibitions/1579"}],"cultures":[],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y97_FRN"],"displaytitle":"Processional cross","displayculture":null,"displaymaker":"Tirolus Iafarinus, Italian, 12th century","captionhtml":"Tirolus Iafarinus (Italian, 12th century), <i>Processional cross</i>, ca. 1100–50. Copper with gilding; 50.7 × 25.3 × 0.6 cm. Museum purchase, gift of Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Class of 1906, for the Carl Otto von Kienbusch Jr., Memorial Collection (y97)","displaydate":"ca. 1100–50","medium":"Copper with gilding","media":[{"id":212508,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y97_FRN","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project"},{"id":212510,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/y97_BAC","isprimary":0,"rank":2,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":false,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"<p><em>The Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Jr. Memorial Collection</em> (Princeton: Princeton University Art Museum, 1956)</p>","citation":"<p><em>The Carl Otto von Kienbusch, Jr. Memorial Collection</em> (Princeton: Princeton University Art Museum, 1956)</p>, cat. no. 60","date":1956,"id":1824,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/3809022"},{"boilertext":"Barbara T. Ross, \"The Mather years 1922-1946,\"&nbsp; in \"An art museum for Princeton: the early years\", special issue, <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 55, no. 1/2 (1996): p. 53–76.","citation":"Barbara T. Ross, \"The Mather years 1922-1946,\"&nbsp; in \"An art museum for Princeton: the early years\", special issue, <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 55, no. 1/2 (1996): p. 53–76., p. 60","date":1996,"id":3053,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774780"},{"boilertext":"R. G. Calkins, <EM>A medieval treasury: an exhibition of Medieval art from the third to the sixteenth century</EM>, (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, 1968).","citation":"R. G. Calkins, <EM>A medieval treasury: an exhibition of Medieval art from the third to the sixteenth century</EM>, (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, 1968)., cat. no. 42, p. 129f, pl. 42 (illus.)","date":1968,"id":1847,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/963109200"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"European Painting and Sculpture ","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199321,"term":"European Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1000-1500","dateend":1150,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Processional cross","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":"","objectnumber":"y97","inscribed":"Inscribed, verso, bottom: VOS QVI ASPIZITIS DM ROGATE P(ro) M(e)/TIROLO - IAFARINO Q(vi) ME FECIT","texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"<font face=\"TimesNewRomanPSMT\"><p>Possibly from a tomb in Perugia, Italy. [1]</p>\n<p>Unknown party in Belluno, Italy. [2]</p>\n<p>Purchased in 1924 by The Princeton University Art Museum as a gift of Carl Otto von Kienbusch for the Carl Otto von Kienbusch Jr. Memorial Collection.</p>\n<p>NOTES:</p>\n<p>[1] The accession card states that it is \"said to have come from a tomb in Perugia.\" </p><p>[2] See accession card.</p></font>","remarks":"Lauren Maceross, Summer 2023 Intern"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"This cross would have been mounted on a pole and carried in a liturgical procession with a sculpture of Christ’s crucified body, like the bronze one on view in this case, affixed to its front. On the reverse, Christ is shown in majesty sur-rounded by symbols of the evangelists, the authors of the Gospels: an eagle for Saint John, a lion for Saint Mark, an angel for Saint Matthew, and an ox for Saint Luke. At the foot of the cross is a rare instance of a medieval artist’s signature, suggesting pride in his skill and the act of art making as a form of devotion.\n","remarks":"EUR1_02-05_WLA-Day 1 Cataloguing "}],"datebegin":1100,"sortnumber":"97     y","published_date":"2026-02-11 10:42:33.437348","objectid":34959,"dimensions":"50.7 × 25.3 × 0.6 cm (19 15/16 × 9 15/16 × 1/4 in.)","on_view":true}