{"type":"artobject","objectid":36893,"objectnumber":"1998-679","sortnumber":"1998  679","displaytitle":"Snuff spoon (intshengula or izintshengula)","department":"African and Oceanic Art","classification":"Bone","datebegin":1900,"dateend":1998,"datecomputed":1949,"daterange":"A.D. 1945-present","displaydate":"probably 20th century","medium":"Bone and colorant","dimensions":"21.2 cm x 1.9 cm x 1.4 cm (8 3/8 x 3/4 x 9/16 in.)","dimensionsproposed":"","creditline":"Bequest of John B. Elliott, Class of 1951","markings":null,"inscribed":null,"signed":null,"catalograisonne":null,"creditlinerepro":"","restrictions":null,"nowebuse":"False","secondaryobjectnumber":null,"campuscollections":"false","on_view":false,"accessionyear":"1998-01-01","newaccession":0,"titles":[{"title":"Snuff spoon (intshengula or izintshengula)","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"makers":[{"id":15022,"displayname":"Zulu","displaydate":null,"datebegin":0,"dateend":0,"prefix":null,"suffix":"artist","role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Zulu artist","displayorder":1}],"depicted":[],"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"Most southern African peoples had seminomadic lifestyles until the twentieth century. Often on the move, individuals typically limited their personal possessions to a small collection of items. Those associated with sleep and tobacco—namely headrests and containers for snuff—were especially important because dreaming and hallucinogenic tobacco use were ways to connect with one’s ancestors.<BR><BR>The objects on view combine functional, spiritual, and aesthetic qualities in beautiful and ingenious ways. Two snuff containers dangle from the double headrest (meant for a single individual). Another headrest combines two utilitarian objects; the scepter or wand that runs through the support legs allows the owner to attach a bundle to the end and use it for carrying, as well as to use the headrest for sleep while traveling. Likewise, a spoon for taking snuff doubles as a comb, which also acts as a piece of decorative jewelry when not in use. <BR><BR>","remarks":"African Rotation September 2013 and 2014"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"John B. Elliott, New York, NY; Princeton University Art Museum, 1998","remarks":null}],"media":[{"id":43466,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/INV008702","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Inventory Project"},{"id":6488,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/1998-676-677-678-679_GS","isprimary":0,"rank":10,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Luna Digitization Project"}],"hasimage":"true","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"<p>\"The checklist of the John B. Elliott Bequest,\" <em>Record of the Princeton University Art Museum </em>61 (2002): p. 49-99.</p>","citation":"<p>\"The checklist of the John B. Elliott Bequest,\" <em>Record of the Princeton University Art Museum </em>61 (2002): p. 49-99.</p>, p. 71","date":2002,"id":3025,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774767"}],"exhibitions":[],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Africa","code":"Place made","continent":"Africa","subcontinent":"Southern Africa","country":null,"region":null,"state":null,"city":null,"county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/maps/google_-27.118_22.28.html","location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"terms":[{"id":2138887,"term":"snuff spoons","aatid":300259951,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2041478,"term":"African","aatid":300015647,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2042966,"term":"Zulu","aatid":300016558,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2159868,"term":"geometric patterns","aatid":300165213,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2168157,"term":"colorant","aatid":300013026,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2156347,"term":"carving","aatid":300053149,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2156714,"term":"incising","aatid":300053847,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2166191,"term":"bone","aatid":300011798,"termtype":"Materials"}],"classifications":[{"id":2138887,"classification":"snuff spoons"}],"cultures":[],"cultureterms":[{"id":2041478,"culture":"African"},{"id":2042966,"culture":"Zulu"}],"periods":[],"periodterms":[],"attribute_groups":[{"id":2199315,"term":"African Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Length","units":"centimeters","dimension":"21.20"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"1.90"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"1.40"}],"packages":[{"packageid":3727,"name":"web_afr_2013"}],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/INV008702"],"displaymaker":"Zulu artist","displayculture":null,"displayperiod":null,"caption":"Zulu artist, Southern Africa, Snuff spoon (intshengula or izintshengula), probably 20th century. Bone and colorant; 21.2 x 1.9 x 1.4 cm. Bequest of John B. Elliott, Class of 1951 (1998-679)","captionhtml":"Zulu artist, Southern Africa, <i>Snuff spoon (intshengula or izintshengula)</i>, probably 20th century. Bone and colorant; 21.2 x 1.9 x 1.4 cm. Bequest of John B. Elliott, Class of 1951 (1998-679)","published_date":"2026-02-11 10:51:42.523738","campusart":[{"campuscollections":"false","campusart":0,"neighborhood":null,"lat":null,"lon":null}],"extended_content":false}