{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[],"creditline":"Bequest of John B. Elliott, Class of 1951","caption":"Yorùbá artist, probably Èkìtì State, Nigeria, Western Africa, Ifá diviner's bag (àpo ìlẹ̀kẹ̀), 20th century. Glass beads, cotton, and leather; 25.2 x 26.9 x 2 cm, 94 cm. Bequest of John B. Elliott, Class of 1951 (1998-733)","cultureterms":[{"id":2041478,"culture":"African"},{"id":2042050,"culture":"Yoruba"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2096423,"term":"travel","aatid":300080094,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2078103,"term":"saddlebags","aatid":300237746,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2158090,"term":"faces","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2092213,"term":"diviners","aatid":300207878,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2130321,"term":"bags (costume accessories)","aatid":300198926,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2041478,"term":"African","aatid":300015647,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2042050,"term":"Yoruba","aatid":300016031,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2151271,"term":"weaving","aatid":300053642,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2044421,"term":"cotton (textile)","aatid":300014067,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2048485,"term":"beads","aatid":300234006,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2151468,"term":"sewing","aatid":300053658,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2044505,"term":"cloth","aatid":300162391,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2045543,"term":"leather","aatid":300011845,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2157849,"term":"beading (process)","aatid":300235440,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2161148,"term":"glass","aatid":300010797,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2043611,"term":"cotton (fiber)","aatid":300183670,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Africa, Nigeria, probably Èkìtì State","code":"Place made","continent":"Africa","subcontinent":"Western Africa","country":"Nigeria","region":null,"state":"probably Èkìtì State","city":null,"county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/2595346/ekiti-state.html","location":{"lat":"10","lon":"8"}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"Overall","type":"Length","units":"centimeters","dimension":"94.00"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"25.20"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"26.90"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"2.00"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"1998-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[{"id":14188,"displayname":"Yorùbá","displaydate":null,"datebegin":0,"dateend":0,"prefix":null,"suffix":"artist","role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Yorùbá artist","displayorder":1}],"datecomputed":1950,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Textiles","packages":[{"packageid":76937,"name":"web_African_beading_2016-06"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2078103,"classification":"saddlebags"},{"id":2130321,"classification":"bags (costume accessories)"}],"exhibitions":[],"cultures":[],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/PUAMSTU2015_10931"],"displaytitle":"Ifá diviner's bag (àpo ìlẹ̀kẹ̀)","displayculture":null,"displaymaker":"Yorùbá artist","captionhtml":"Yorùbá artist, probably Èkìtì State, Nigeria, Western Africa, <i>Ifá diviner's bag (àpo ìlẹ̀kẹ̀)</i>, 20th century. Glass beads, cotton, and leather; 25.2 x 26.9 x 2 cm, 94 cm. Bequest of John B. Elliott, Class of 1951 (1998-733)","displaydate":"20th century","medium":"Glass beads, cotton, and leather","media":[{"id":193632,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/PUAMSTU2015_10931","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM photo"},{"id":43474,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/INV008583","isprimary":0,"rank":2,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Inventory Project"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":false,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"<p>\"The checklist of the John B. Elliott Bequest,\" <em>Record of the Princeton University Art Museum </em>61 (2002): p. 49-99.</p>","citation":"<p>\"The checklist of the John B. Elliott Bequest,\" <em>Record of the Princeton University Art Museum </em>61 (2002): p. 49-99.</p>, p. 71","date":2002,"id":3025,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774767"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"African and Oceanic Art","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199315,"term":"African Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1945-present","dateend":1999,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Ifá diviner's bag (àpo ìlẹ̀kẹ̀)","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":null,"objectnumber":"1998-733","inscribed":"Beaded in upper center: ONIRE","texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"John B. Elliott, New York, NY; Princeton University Art Museum, 1998","remarks":null},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"\r\nA Yoruba diviner (<I>babalawo</I>) would have carried this beaded leather bag to transport divining implements during his travels. In fact, diviners, who lead a peripatetic lifestyle, are commonly known as \"carriers of bags\" (<I>akapo</I>). Emblazoned with the word <I>Onire</I>, the bag marks its wearer as \"the possessor of blessings.\" Its personalized beadwork, strip-sewn fabric interior, and worn beaded strap suggest that this bag was thoughtfully constructed and frequently used. </P>\r\nAfter Britain’s occupation of present-day Nigeria was recognized during the Berlin Conference of 1884–85, seed beads from British traders flooded the market and were used widely by Yoruba bead artists through the twentieth century. Seed beads offered the range of colors required to illustrate the complexity of the Yoruba political and religious system. This bag’s beadwork calls upon many different deities for protection: green and yellow beads refer to <I>Ifa </I>(the Yoruba system of divination); red faces to the god Ogun and a chevron pattern to the god Sango. The floral pattern, however, marks the influence of Victorian textiles—present during the period of British colonialism—on Yoruba design. </P></SPAN>","remarks":"Beading African History"}],"datebegin":1900,"sortnumber":"1998  733","published_date":"2026-02-11 10:52:29.271300","objectid":37061,"dimensions":"bag: h. 25.2 cm., w. 26.9 cm., d. 2.0 cm. (9 15/16 x 10 9/16 x 13/16 in.)\r\nstrap: l. 94.0 cm. (37 in.)","on_view":false}