{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[],"creditline":"Gift of Harold Jay Kramer","caption":"Josef Albers (1888–1976, born Bottrop, Germany; died New Haven, CT; active Weimar, Germany, and New Haven), Homage to the Square: Early Rise, 1961. Acrylic on pressed wood panel; 103 × 102.8 cm, 102.8 × 102.8 × 3.2 cm (frame). Gift of Harold Jay Kramer (1999-255)","cultureterms":[{"id":2038492,"culture":"American"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2057735,"term":"yellow","aatid":300127794,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2061154,"term":"white (color)","aatid":300129784,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2052977,"term":"paintings","aatid":300033618,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2095701,"term":"abstraction","aatid":300056508,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2038492,"term":"American","aatid":300107956,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2053119,"term":"acrylic paintings","aatid":300181918,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2098350,"term":"squares (geometric figures)","aatid":300055637,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2047925,"term":"panel (wood)","aatid":300014657,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2167800,"term":"acrylic paint","aatid":300015058,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"frame","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"102.80"},{"element":"frame","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"102.80"},{"element":"frame","type":"Depth","units":"centimeters","dimension":"3.17"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"102.80"},{"element":"Overall","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"103.00"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"1999-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[{"id":33,"displayname":"Josef Albers","displaydate":"1888–1976; born Bottrop, Germany; died New Haven, CT; active Weimar, Germany, and New Haven","datebegin":1888,"dateend":1976,"prefix":null,"suffix":null,"role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Josef Albers, 1888–1976; born Bottrop, Germany; died New Haven, CT; active Weimar, Germany, and New Haven","displayorder":1}],"datecomputed":1961,"signed":null,"restrictions":"Restricted","classification":"Paintings","packages":[{"packageid":143052,"name":"web_MM_2018-08"},{"packageid":278831,"name":"10282025-DAY1-ONVIEW"},{"packageid":173870,"name":"web_PBL_2019_fall"},{"packageid":279982,"name":"Line_Color_Shape"},{"packageid":185608,"name":"image_descriptions_artmaking"},{"packageid":219380,"name":"Gallery_10-12(Pavilion3)-ModernContemporary"},{"packageid":226661,"name":"2023_STC209_02_08"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2052977,"classification":"paintings"},{"id":2053119,"classification":"acrylic paintings"}],"exhibitions":[],"cultures":[],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/PUAMSTU2018-1930891"],"displaytitle":"Homage to the Square: Early Rise","displayculture":null,"displaymaker":"Josef Albers, 1888–1976; born Bottrop, Germany; died New Haven, CT; active Weimar, Germany, and New Haven","captionhtml":"Josef Albers (1888–1976, born Bottrop, Germany; died New Haven, CT; active Weimar, Germany, and New Haven), <i>Homage to the Square: Early Rise</i>, 1961. Acrylic on pressed wood panel; 103 × 102.8 cm, 102.8 × 102.8 × 3.2 cm (frame). Gift of Harold Jay Kramer (1999-255)","displaydate":"1961","medium":"Acrylic on pressed wood panel","media":[{"id":216764,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/PUAMSTU2018-1930891","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":"Restricted","caption":"PUAM Photo"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":true,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"<p>Andrew James Hamilton, \"New Horizons in Andean Art History,\" <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 75/76 (2016-17): 42-101.<br></p>","citation":"<p>Andrew James Hamilton, \"New Horizons in Andean Art History,\" <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 75/76 (2016-17): 42-101.<br></p>, p. 65, no. 28","date":2016,"id":9660,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/i40228781"},{"boilertext":"\"Acquisitions of the Art Museum 1999,\" <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 59, no. 1/2 (2000): p. 70-101.","citation":"\"Acquisitions of the Art Museum 1999,\" <em>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</em> 59, no. 1/2 (2000): p. 70-101., p. 70 (illus.)","date":2000,"id":3036,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774806"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"Modern and Contemporary Art","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199321,"term":"European Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"},{"id":2199324,"term":"Art Since 1945","termtype":"Collecting Area"},{"id":2199325,"term":"North American Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1945-present","dateend":1961,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Homage to the Square: Early Rise","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":"© The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York","objectnumber":"1999-255","inscribed":null,"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"In 1950 Albers became the head of the department of design at Yale University and launched his well-known series Homage to the Square to explore the visual effects of color and demonstrate how relationships between areas of color can induce optical illusions. Each work in the series consists of a sequence of nested squares whose relative scale is governed by mathematical ratios. Albers experimented with variations in the brightness and saturation of color that caused some squares to appear to project and others to appear to recede. He described works like this as stages on which color might “act,” ascribing agency to color. The artist’s interest in color relationships developed as a student and later as a teacher at the Bauhaus school in Germany. Students at the Bauhaus, and subsequently those at Black Mountain College and Yale, honed their understanding of color theory in the artist’s courses.","remarks":"MOD_09-12_WLA – Day 1 Cataloguing"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"Josef Albers [1888-1976]; Sidney Janis Gallery, New York; purchased by Harold Jay Kramer [1920-2000], 1962; gifted to Princeton University Art Museum, 1999.","remarks":"as per Jun Nakamura"}],"datebegin":1961,"sortnumber":"1999  255","published_date":"2026-03-31 02:28:11.565206","objectid":39364,"dimensions":"103 × 102.8 cm (40 9/16 × 40 1/2 in.)\r\nframe: 102.8 × 102.8 × 3.2 cm (40 1/2 × 40 1/2 × 1 1/4 in.)","on_view":true}