Richard K. Kent, \"Ding Yunpeng's Baimiao Lohans: A Reflection of Late Ming Lay Buddhism,\" Record of the Princeton University Art Museum 63 (2004): 62–89.
","citation":"Richard K. Kent, \"Ding Yunpeng's Baimiao Lohans: A Reflection of Late Ming Lay Buddhism,\" Record of the Princeton University Art Museum 63 (2004): 62–89.
, p. 62 (illus.); pp. 64–65 (illus.); figs. 2, 15, 17, 20–21","date":2004,"id":3011,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774846"},{"boilertext":"Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collection (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007)","citation":"Princeton University Art Museum: Handbook of the Collection (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007), 30-31 (illus.)","date":2007,"id":474,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/191864564"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[{"id":12562,"period":"Ming dynasty","alphasort":"Ming dynasty","begindate":1368,"enddate":1644,"displayperiod":"Ming dynasty, 1368–1644","displaydate":"1368–1644"}],"department":"Asian Art","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199319,"term":"Asian Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"},{"id":2199327,"term":"Prints and Drawings","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1500-1600","dateend":1580,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Baimiao Lohans","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":"","objectnumber":"2001-182","inscribed":"dated 1580 \r\nArtist's Seals (3) Three seals of the artist follow below his signature, from top to bottom: \"Yunpeng\" (see unicode) (oval, relief) \r\n\"Ding Nanyu\" (see unicode) (square, intaglio) \r\n\"Shenghua jushi\" (see unicode) (square, intaglio) \r\nCollectors' seals (3) Wu Puxin (see unicode) (died in 1980s)\r\n\"Sixuezhai\" (square relief)\r\n\"Nantong Wu shi shoucang shuhua yin\" (square relief)\r\nFrontispiece: Guo Shangxian 郭尚先 (1785-1832)\r\nOuter titleslip and rear colophon: Chu Deyi 褚德儀 (1871-1942), dated 1924","texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Didactics","textentryhtml":"Figure painting of the Baimiao Lohan (luohan 羅漢) with attendants and auspicious animals in a baimiao 白描 fine-line style of gossamer fineness on a blank background. \"Lohan\" (Sanskrit: arhat) are enlightened personages entrusted by the Buddha to serve as worldly guardians of the Buddhist Law. The scroll begins at far right with two fierce guardians of the Buddhist Law dressed in martial costume. The second guardian can be identified as Weituotian or Skanda. The next scene centers on an elephant carrying scriptures symbolizing the Buddhist Law on its back with flanking foreign grooms and an young servant boy. After these introductory sections, starting from the sixth figure, the remaining scroll portrays the Eighteen Luohan with attendants, worshipers, and auspicious animals. The final two figures, at far left, portray a scholar with and attendant holding books, allowing the scroll to end as it began—with books. Prof. Richard Kent in his Princeton dissertation has suggested this last figure may be a \"self-portrait, included by Ding immediately adjacent to his inscription in which he refers to himself as a 'Son of the Dharma-king' (Buddha).\" The full inscription of eleven characters in a single column reads: \"During the summer of the year 1580, respectfully painted by Ding Yunpeng, a Son of the Dharma-king.\"","remarks":null},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"\r\nLuohans were the original followers of the Buddha and guardians of the Buddhist faith. Traditionally, they have been grouped in sets ranging from four to as many as five hundred. The group of eighteen luohans was devised in the tenth century and has remained popular in China to the present day. This handscroll, delineated in a monochromatic brush-painting technique known as baimiao (fine line), begins at the far right with two guardians in martial costume. The next scene features a large elephant carrying scriptures. Starting from the sixth figure from the right, the remaining scroll portrays the eighteen luohans with accompanying attendants, worshippers, and auspicious animals. At far left, a bearded figure wearing a scholar’s cap and gown looks directly at the viewer. It has been suggested that this figure is a self-portrait of Ding Yunpeng.
","remarks":"Asian rotation May 2018"},{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Provenance","textentryhtml":"– Private collection.
–1987 Family collection of Wu P'u-hsin (died in 1980s), sold at Sotheby’s (New York, NY) to a private collector, 1987.
–2001 Kaikodo Gallery (New York, NY), sold to the Princeton University Art Museum, 2001.