{"type":"artobject","objectid":60474,"objectnumber":"2010-149","sortnumber":"2010  149","displaytitle":"The Rhinoceros","department":"Prints and Drawings","classification":"Prints","datebegin":1515,"dateend":1515,"datecomputed":1515,"daterange":"A.D. 1500-1600","displaydate":"1515","medium":"Woodcut","dimensions":"block (sheet trimmed to block): 21 × 29.8 cm (8 1/4 × 11 3/4 in.)","dimensionsproposed":"","creditline":"Bequest of Charles A. Ryskamp","markings":null,"inscribed":"Date, title, and monogram in block, upper right corner: 1515 / RHINOCERVS / AD","signed":null,"catalograisonne":"Bartsch 136; Dodgson 125; Hollstein 273; Meder 2; Schoch 2","creditlinerepro":null,"restrictions":null,"nowebuse":"False","secondaryobjectnumber":null,"campuscollections":"false","on_view":false,"accessionyear":"2010-01-01","newaccession":0,"titles":[{"title":"The Rhinoceros","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"makers":[{"id":5715,"displayname":"Albrecht Dürer","displaydate":"1471–1528; born and died Nuremberg, Germany; active Venice, Italy, and Nuremburg","datebegin":1471,"dateend":1528,"prefix":null,"suffix":null,"role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Albrecht Dürer, 1471–1528; born and died Nuremberg, Germany; active Venice, Italy, and Nuremburg","displayorder":1}],"depicted":[],"texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"Until the first rhinoceros arrived in Japan in 1921, scholars constructed their conceptions of the animal and its appearance solely based on textual and visual descriptions found in Chinese and Dutch sources. One image that circulated widely around the world was Dürer’s print of a rhinoceros. Dürer based his woodcut on a written description of an Indian rhinoceros that had been sent to Pope Leo X by King Manuel I of Portugal. Dürer’s image was then reprinted in Johann Jonston’s <em>Historiae naturalis de quadrupedibus libri</em> (Natural History of Four-Footed Animals), which was published in Amsterdam in 1657.","remarks":"Asian rotation May 2019"}],"media":[{"id":52530,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/2010-149","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM photo"}],"hasimage":"true","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%'>Campbell Dodgson, <EM>Albrecht Dürer</EM> (London: Medici Society, 1926).&nbsp;</SPAN></P>","citation":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%'>Campbell Dodgson, <EM>Albrecht Dürer</EM> (London: Medici Society, 1926).&nbsp;</SPAN></P>, no. 125, p. 307","date":1926,"id":6211,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/3338518"},{"boilertext":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt;\"><span style='line-height: 107%; font-family: \"Arial\",sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;'>Rainer Schoch, Matthias Mende, and Anna Scherbaum, Albrecht Dürer: das druckgraphische Werk (München: Prestel, 2001).<!--?xml:namespace prefix = \"o\" ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" /--><o:p></o:p></span></p>","citation":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin: 0in 0in 0pt;\"><span style='line-height: 107%; font-family: \"Arial\",sans-serif; font-size: 9pt;'>Rainer Schoch, Matthias Mende, and Anna Scherbaum, Albrecht Dürer: das druckgraphische Werk (München: Prestel, 2001).<!--?xml:namespace prefix = \"o\" ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" /--><o:p></o:p></span></p>, no. 2, p. 241","date":2001,"id":6213,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/46853856"},{"boilertext":"<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>Erwin Panofsky, <I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\">Albrecht Dürer</I> (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1945).</SPAN>","citation":"<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>Erwin Panofsky, <I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\">Albrecht Dürer</I> (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1945).</SPAN>","date":1945,"id":6214,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/7184939"},{"boilertext":"<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>Arthur Mayger Hind, <I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\">Albrecht Dürer: his engravings and woodcuts</I> (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1911).</SPAN>","citation":"<SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA'>Arthur Mayger Hind, <I style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal\">Albrecht Dürer: his engravings and woodcuts</I> (New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, 1911).</SPAN>, p. 14","date":1911,"id":6215,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/656866312"},{"boilertext":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%'>Adam vom Bartsch, \"Volume 7,\" <EM><SPAN style='FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif'>Le peintre graveur ... </SPAN></EM>(Vienne: J. V. Degen, 1803-05).<?xml:namespace prefix = \"o\" ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>","citation":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; LINE-HEIGHT: 107%'>Adam vom Bartsch, \"Volume 7,\" <EM><SPAN style='FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif'>Le peintre graveur ... </SPAN></EM>(Vienne: J. V. Degen, 1803-05).<?xml:namespace prefix = \"o\" ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>, no. 136, p. 147","date":1808,"id":6253,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/682354769"},{"boilertext":"\"Acquisitions of the Princeton University Art Museum 2010,\"&nbsp;<em>Record of the Princeton University Art Museum</em> 70 (2011): p. 69-110.","citation":"\"Acquisitions of the Princeton University Art Museum 2010,\"&nbsp;<em>Record of the Princeton University Art Museum</em> 70 (2011): p. 69-110., p. 105","date":2011,"id":2974,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/23631219"},{"boilertext":"Joseph Meder, <em>Dürer-Katalog, ein handbuch über Albrecht Dürers stiche, radierungen, Holzschnitte, deren zustände, ausgaben und wasserzeichen</em> (Vienna: Gilhofer &amp; Rauschburg, 1932).","citation":"Joseph Meder, <em>Dürer-Katalog, ein handbuch über Albrecht Dürers stiche, radierungen, Holzschnitte, deren zustände, ausgaben und wasserzeichen</em> (Vienna: Gilhofer &amp; Rauschburg, 1932)., no. 2, p. 273","date":1932,"id":5905,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/248550681"},{"boilertext":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"'>F.W.H. Hollstein, “Dürer,” <I>German engravings, etchings, and woodcuts, ca. 1400-1700</I> (Amsterdam: M. Hertzberger, 1962).<?xml:namespace prefix = \"o\" ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>","citation":"<P class=MsoNormal style=\"MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto\"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: \"Arial\",sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"'>F.W.H. Hollstein, “Dürer,” <I>German engravings, etchings, and woodcuts, ca. 1400-1700</I> (Amsterdam: M. Hertzberger, 1962).<?xml:namespace prefix = \"o\" ns = \"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>, no. 273","date":1962,"id":6597,"uri":"https://search.worldcat.org/title/519239"}],"exhibitions":[],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Europe, Germany, Nuremburg","code":"Place made","continent":"Europe","subcontinent":null,"country":"Germany","region":null,"state":null,"city":"Nuremburg","county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/2861650/nuernberg.html","location":{"lat":"","lon":""}}],"terms":[{"id":2054723,"term":"woodcuts","aatid":300041405,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2054256,"term":"prints","aatid":300041273,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2031563,"term":"European","aatid":300020656,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2031614,"term":"German","aatid":300111192,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2171372,"term":"rhinoceros","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2167714,"term":"printing ink","aatid":300187371,"termtype":"Materials"},{"id":2155120,"term":"woodcut (process)","aatid":300053296,"termtype":"Techniques"}],"classifications":[{"id":2054723,"classification":"woodcuts"},{"id":2054256,"classification":"prints"}],"cultures":[],"cultureterms":[{"id":2031563,"culture":"European"},{"id":2031614,"culture":"German"}],"periods":[],"periodterms":[],"attribute_groups":[{"id":2199321,"term":"European Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"},{"id":2199327,"term":"Prints and Drawings","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"block","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"21.00"},{"element":"block","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"29.80"}],"packages":[{"packageid":208929,"name":"2022_ART451_03_03"},{"packageid":210074,"name":"2022_ART489/HUM489_01_25"},{"packageid":210384,"name":"TDC-Final [4]"},{"packageid":216248,"name":"2022_ART233/ARC233_11_08-11"},{"packageid":216699,"name":"2022_ART574_10_14"},{"packageid":218101,"name":"web_TDC-Final [5]"},{"packageid":220938,"name":"web_2000-2022printacquisitions"},{"packageid":221219,"name":"2022_ENG300_10_11"},{"packageid":192818,"name":"web_PalmerSquareOrnaments"},{"packageid":223230,"name":"2023_ART447_02_06"},{"packageid":194452,"name":"PUAM_World of Prints"},{"packageid":223835,"name":"TDC-Final [5]"},{"packageid":196242,"name":"web_2021_01_ArtForStreets"},{"packageid":267450,"name":"Web_CA_2025_European"},{"packageid":196263,"name":"WEB_2021_spring"},{"packageid":231796,"name":"2023_ART233/ARC233_11_07-10"},{"packageid":234043,"name":"TDC-Final [6]"},{"packageid":237166,"name":"2023_ENG300_10_24"},{"packageid":241081,"name":"TDC-Final [7]"},{"packageid":162933,"name":"web_2019_Asian_May_rotation"},{"packageid":207234,"name":"SAB_Gala2021"}],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/2010-149"],"displaymaker":"Albrecht Dürer, 1471–1528; born and died Nuremberg, Germany; active Venice, Italy, and Nuremburg","displayculture":null,"displayperiod":null,"caption":"Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528; born and died Nuremberg, Germany; active Venice, Italy, and Nuremburg), The Rhinoceros, 1515. 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