{"secondaryobjectnumber":null,"periodterms":[],"creditline":"Gift of Harold K. Hochschild","caption":"Edmond Joseph Ramus (French, 1822–1890), after Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640; born Siegen, Germany; died Antwerp, Belgium), Four Studies of the Head of a Black Man, 1883. Etching on cream imitation Japanese paper; 20 × 25.5 cm (plate), 24.3 × 29.9 cm (sheet). Gift of Harold K. Hochschild (x1952-46)","cultureterms":[{"id":2031609,"culture":"French"},{"id":2031563,"culture":"European"}],"type":"artobject","dimensionsproposed":"","terms":[{"id":2031609,"term":"French","aatid":300111188,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2054256,"term":"prints","aatid":300041273,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2158086,"term":"heads","aatid":null,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2054569,"term":"etchings","aatid":300041365,"termtype":"Classification"},{"id":2031563,"term":"European","aatid":300020656,"termtype":"Culture"},{"id":2185091,"term":"Representation of Africans and People of African Descent","aatid":null,"termtype":"Collection Theme"},{"id":2051797,"term":"studies (visual works)","aatid":300081053,"termtype":"Subject"},{"id":2154976,"term":"etching (printing process)","aatid":300053241,"termtype":"Techniques"},{"id":2167714,"term":"printing ink","aatid":300187371,"termtype":"Materials"}],"geography":[{"displaygeography":"Place made: Europe, France","code":"Place made","continent":"Europe","subcontinent":null,"country":"France","region":null,"state":null,"city":null,"county":null,"subregion":null,"locale":null,"locus":null,"river":null,"excavation":null,"geoname":"http://www.geonames.org/3017382/republic-of-france.html","location":{"lat":"46","lon":"2"}}],"dimensionelements":[{"element":"sheet","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"24.30"},{"element":"sheet","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"29.90"},{"element":"plate","type":"Height","units":"centimeters","dimension":"20.00"},{"element":"plate","type":"Width","units":"centimeters","dimension":"25.50"}],"markings":null,"accessionyear":"1952-01-01","newaccession":0,"makers":[{"id":3169,"displayname":"Edmond Joseph Ramus","displaydate":"French, 1822–1890","datebegin":1822,"dateend":1890,"prefix":null,"suffix":null,"role":"Artist","displaymaker":"Edmond Joseph Ramus, French, 1822–1890","displayorder":1},{"id":3374,"displayname":"Peter Paul Rubens","displaydate":"1577–1640; born Siegen, Germany; died Antwerp, Belgium","datebegin":1577,"dateend":1640,"prefix":"after","suffix":null,"role":"Artist","displaymaker":"after Peter Paul Rubens, 1577–1640; born Siegen, Germany; died Antwerp, Belgium","displayorder":2}],"datecomputed":1883,"signed":null,"restrictions":null,"classification":"Prints","packages":[{"packageid":182971,"name":"P&D_French_Prints"},{"packageid":206417,"name":"image_descriptions_top250"}],"catalograisonne":null,"classifications":[{"id":2054256,"classification":"prints"},{"id":2054569,"classification":"etchings"}],"exhibitions":[],"cultures":[],"primaryimage":["https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/x1952-46"],"displaytitle":"Four Studies of the Head of a Black Man","displayculture":null,"displaymaker":"Edmond Joseph Ramus, French, 1822–1890 | after Peter Paul Rubens, 1577–1640; born Siegen, Germany; died Antwerp, Belgium","captionhtml":"Edmond Joseph Ramus (French, 1822–1890), after Peter Paul Rubens (1577–1640; born Siegen, Germany; died Antwerp, Belgium), <i>Four Studies of the Head of a Black Man</i>, 1883. Etching on cream imitation Japanese paper; 20 × 25.5 cm (plate), 24.3 × 29.9 cm (sheet). Gift of Harold K. Hochschild (x1952-46)","displaydate":"1883","medium":"Etching on cream imitation Japanese paper","media":[{"id":91161,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/x1952-46","isprimary":1,"rank":1,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"PUAM photo"},{"id":113587,"uri":"https://media.artmuseum.princeton.edu/iiif/3/collection/INV36624","isprimary":0,"rank":2,"mediatypeid":1,"mediaviewtype":"(not assigned)","restrictions":null,"caption":"Inventory Project"}],"displayperiod":null,"extended_content":false,"campuscollections":"false","bibliography":[{"boilertext":"\"Recent acquisitions,\" <i>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</i> 12, no. 1 (1953): p. 38-39.","citation":"\"Recent acquisitions,\" <i>Record of the Art Museum, Princeton University</i> 12, no. 1 (1953): p. 38-39., p. 39","date":1953,"id":869,"uri":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3774393"}],"nowebuse":"False","periods":[],"department":"Prints and Drawings","attribute_groups":[{"id":2199321,"term":"European Art","termtype":"Collecting Area"},{"id":2199327,"term":"Prints and Drawings","termtype":"Collecting Area"}],"daterange":"A.D. 1850-1900","dateend":1883,"depicted":[],"titles":[{"title":"Four Studies of the Head of a Black Man","titletype":"Primary Title","displayorder":1}],"hasimage":"true","creditlinerepro":null,"objectnumber":"x1952-46","inscribed":"Inscribed in plate, lower center: E Ramus as-f d’aprés Rubens","texts":[{"texttype":"Online","textpurpose":"Gallery Label","textentryhtml":"This lively etching is a faithful copy after an oil sketch originally painted on wood by Rubens between 1613 and 1615, depicting an unknown man of African descent expressing various emotions. Rubens often used such sketches, painted from life, as source material for his finished compositions, and at least two of the heads from this sketch appear in his paintings from the 1610s. The panel was recorded as having been in French private collections in the nineteenth century and was widely admired when it appeared at auction in Paris in 1883, illustrated in the sales catalog with this etching by Ramus.","remarks":"K5-6Jan2013.pdf"}],"datebegin":1883,"sortnumber":"1952   46x","published_date":"2026-02-11 08:22:29.165607","objectid":9044,"dimensions":"plate: 20 × 25.5 cm. (7 7/8 × 10 1/16 in.)\r\nsheet: 24.3 × 29.9 cm. (9 9/16 × 11 3/4 in.)","on_view":false}